Summary
Industrial world is globally known for it stressful environment. It is because of advancements in science & technology which have brought remarkable transformation in the way through which work is carried out in industries which ultimately lead to development of stress among employees. The stress environment often exerts negative effects upon both physical and mental health of employees. A cross sectional study was carried out in order to examine the occurrence of job stress among the industrial managers of the pharmaceutical industry of Hayatabad Industrial State, Peshawar in relation to Individual personal characteristics, job characteristics, and organizational working environments. This study was an effort to trace prevalence of job stress among managers of pharmaceutical industry from a broader perspective by integration of both individuals as well as organizational antecedent factors of job stress.
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Extract
The Prevalence of Job Stress Among Industrial Managers: A Cross Sectional Study of Managers of the Pharmaceutical Industries of Hayatabad Industrial Estate, Peshawar, Pakistan
1. Introduction
The last two decades have witnessed significant transformations in the way in which organizations approach business interactions (Elizabeth Kendall et al., 2003). It is the time where high performance is expected to be the norm. Many organizations demand a high level of quality, service and overall business success. (W.F. Swee et al., 2007). Industrial world is globally known for its stressful environment, which often exert negative effects upon both physical and mental health of workers. Les Worrall et al., 1995 & Madhu Rathore et al., 2009 found in their studies that job stress is not only prevalent among industrial executives but it has also devastating effects in shape of lower productivity and workers' health complaints.The job stress is present both in developed as well as in underdeveloped world. It is affecting both business as well as non business sectors. Pakistan is underdeveloped country, which has suffered from decades of internal political unrests, low levels of foreign investment, and declining exports of manufactures. It has faced high inflations, and hemorrhaging foreign exchange reserves (CIA, World facts book on Pakistan, 2009). These situations have led to development of weak industrial base in Pakistan. The weak industrial base never allowed the industrial sector to grow swiftly and compete in local as well as in foreign markets.In order to strengthen Pakistan's low industrial bas...See the full content of this document
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