Summary
The relationships between selected socioeconomic and demographic variables with current use, future use and unmet need of contraception were examined using hazard model technique. Information on contraceptive use was provided by current use 1334 (14.7), future use 4017 (52.0), unmet need for spacing 1817 (20.0) and limiting 1249 (13.3) currently married women aged 15-49 interviewed in the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Results from the findings show that women's household decision making power has a significant association with family planning. Unmet need for spacing and limiting births can substantially reduce infant and child mortality. Efforts to reduce under-five mortality in Ethiopia should focus on family planning programs promote temporary contraceptive methods for child spacing. As a policy measure, information, education and communication programs on family planning should be intensified, particularly in rural and remote areas. Women education, at least high school level, should be given top priority.
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Extract
Factors Affecting Contraceptive Use in Ethiopia: Evidence From Dhs 2005
Ethiopia has been carrying out socio-economic and demographic surveys started early 1960. The persistently high levels of fertility in Ethiopia and most sub-Saharan African countries, accompanied by declining mortality, has given rise to an unprecedented and rapid growth in population, contributing to environmental degradation, homeless, street children, food insecurity, orphans, poverty and a deteriorating quality of life for the majority of the people (World Bank, 2007). The relatively high fertility in Ethiopia is largely attributed to a low level of contraceptive use (Central Statistical Authority (CSA), 2006). According to Bongaarts, 1978 contraceptive use is one of the four proximate determinants of fertility; the other three are proportions married, induced abortion and period of lactational infecundability. The proportion of currently married women knowing any contraceptive method was 84.5 percent in 2005, while the proportion of currently married women currently using contraception was 14.7 percent in 2005.
An examination of women's need for family planning to space or limit future births according to their intention to use contraception shows that, in 2005, 13.3 percent of women in union wanted no more children and were not using contraception; 20 percent of currently married women wanted to postpone the next birth or were uncertain about having another child and were not using contraception. Together, 33.3 percent of currently married women had an unmet need for contraception (CSA, 2006). The wide gap between knowledge and use of contraception has generated considerable interest in the study of the factors that influence a couple's decision to use contraception. Contraceptive use is important not only for its effect on fertility but also because it has health implications for both mother and child.In this situation, to harmonize the wider gap between economic development and population growth rate, Ethiopia has adopted an explicit population policy in 1993 (National Office of Population (NOP), 1993) and a poverty reduction strategy in 2005 Ministry of ...See the full content of this document
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