International Journal of Management

A Behavioral Roles Approach to Assessing and Improving the Team Leadership Capabilities of Managers

Success in today's globally competitive marketplace requires that managers have the ability to effectively lead teams. While some individuals appear to have an innate, almost effortless capability to lead teams, most managers benefit from systematic efforts to assess and improve their performance in this critical area. Research on small group interaction and leadership behavior in teams is used to identify a set of task, social, and dysfunctional behavioral roles that are critical to team lea...

Networking and Entrepreneurship in Small High-Tech European Firms: An Empirical Study

Networking is a basic feature of entrepreneurial management in small firms. This paper looks at the creation and dynamics of networks in small high-technology firms and their entrepreneurial conditions. Networking is the active process of one intermediary putting other intermediaries into circulation. Network are shown to involve two major strategic mechanisms: 1) opening to complementary competence and resources in order to gain access to new knowledge and people, by managing in networks, an...

Dvd Movie Piracy in Hong Kong: Autopsy of a Brick-and-Mortar Market

This paper is a clinical examination of a surviving brick-and-mortar market for pirate DVDs during its final years of intermittent operation in Hong Kong. We examine the flow of customers, the logistics of market exchange, and the frequency of market disruption due to law enforcement. A sample of pirate DVDs was collected and examined to assess quality and the source of the original copy. During our field work, we also observe intervals of complete cessation of-to our knowledge-the last full-...

Effect of Physical Attractiveness On Selection Decisions in India and the United States

This study examined the influence of physical attractiveness on selection decisions in two very different cultures, namely the United States and India. Most of the research on attractiveness bias has been conducted in western cultures like the United States. India was chosen for comparison because India continues to grow strong in the global marketplace and it is important to understand how decisions are made in the Indian environment. This was the first study to compare the attractiveness bi...

Contextual Factors As Moderators of the Effect of Employee Ethical Ideology On Ethical Decision-Making

Organizations have increased their usage of pre-employment screening instruments that measure ethical ideology as a means to predict ethical decision making on the job. Consistent with previous research, this study investigates whether an individual's ethical ideology, as measured by degree of relativism and degree of idealism, is actually linked with ethical decision making when individuals are presented with specific ethical choices. Uniquely adding to the existing literature, this study, u...

Effects of Information Technology Investment On Organizational Performance in India and Iran: An Empirical Study

Despite enormous investment in IT during the recent years, demonstrating the effects of such investment on organizational performance has proven extremely difficult. Different findings have been reported, some showing positive and some negative effects, justifying the present research which examines the effect of IT investment in gas and oil companies in Iran and India respectively. A conceptual model was developed to explain how such investment affects organizational performance in the infor...

Effects of Corporate Distress On the Stock Prices of Lending Banks: An Empirical Study

This paper examines the share price reactions of lending banks when their corporate borrowers encountered financial distress as reflected by loan defaults and/or margin trading announcements. The experimental sample is drawn from two types of financially distressed firms, 90 defaulted firms and 73 margin trading firms, respectively, over a 10-year period, 1996-2005. The empirical evidence indicates that news of corporate distress has a materially adverse impact on the stock prices of the main...

Relations Among Ethnocentrism, Product Preference and Government Policy Attitudes: A Survey of Japanese Consumers

Rice farming in Japan molds the prototype of Japanese culture. Japan uses this argument to justify the high level of tariffs and subsidies in the agricultural sector, particularly on rice. The combination of high tariff barriers on rice, significant subsidies in agriculture sector, administrative trade barriers, and trade surplus invites significant criticism against Japanese trade practices, despites its effort to lowering tariff rates on many agricultural products and non-agricultural impor...

The Failure of the African Anti-Corruption Effort: Lessons for Managers

Corruption is big business in Africa. Since 1996 an international effort to rid Africa of corruption has been underway. The paper exposes this effort as a failure. The paper attributes this failure to a flaw deep within the international management model utilised by western governments and NGOs, whereby corruption has been removed from its natural cultural context. The paper argues that to tackle corruption is to first understand it historically and culturally. International management has to...

The Impact of Business Unit Strategy, Structure and Technical Innovativeness On Change in Management Accounting and Control Systems at the Business Unit Level: An Empirical Analysis

This study tests the hypothesis that business unit strategy and business unit structure affect change in a business unit's Management Accounting & Control System (MACS). Business units are parts of a larger 'whole' organization, such as departments, teams, strategic groups or divisions. Change in MACS has been assessed by asking managers to estimate the number of changes that has taken place in their business unit's MACS over a two-year time period. Using data from a survey amongst 61 bus...

Investigating Seasonal Anomalies in Asian Stock Market Prices: A Stochastic Dominance Approach

In this research, we examine the possible January effect on some Asian stock market price, namely Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong. In spite of the non-normal nature of stock returns, most previous studies have employed the mean-variance criterion or Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) statistics, which rely on the normality assumption and depend only on the first two moments, to test for calendar effects. To overcome this drawback, in this paper, we use the stochastic dominance approach and th...

The Impact of Hiv/Aids On Health Capital and Economic Growth: A Panel Study of 38 Countries From 1999 - 2005

This paper analyzes the impacts of the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and full-blown acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) on a country's human capital and economic growth. Using data from the World Development Indicators and the International Health Organization, we construct a panel data set of 38 countries from 1990-2005 which allows us to explore the dynamic relationships between HIV/AIDS, human capital, and economic growth within countries overtime. We control for un...

The Development of a Verified Fair Value Approach to Accounting for Employee Stock Options

We consider problematic features of SFAS 123 (R) and then present a new approach to the accounting for Employee Stock Options (ESO) that addresses prominent criticisms of both grant date accounting (inaccurate estimates) and exercise date accounting (delayed recognition). The accounting for our Verified Fair Value (VFV) approach begins with a model-derived recognition of an ESO obligation, which is presumed to be the best available estimate of the present value of the Realized Intrinsic Value...

A Study of the Attitudes of Chinese Consumers to Aesthetic Product Designs

Aesthetic product design has been growing in recent years, as an area of marketing concern. This is largely because the buying behavior of consumers has been shown to depend a lot on the appearance, the 'look' of products to consumers. The purpose of this study is to develop a useful framework for understanding Chinese consumer aesthetic attitudes. Based on the results from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with ten convenience samples, the findings suggest that some aspects of such attitu...

The Development and Application of a Decision Support Methodology for Product Eco-Design: A Study of Engineering Firms in Thailand

The objective of this research is to propose a decision support methodology for the development and application of product eco-design, with special reference to engineering firms in Thailand. Its aim is to help firms develop new eco-products, by concentrating on new products which have significant 'improvement ratios' between themselves and old or existing products. Our analysis suggests that there are four main benefits from the proposed methodology: (1) a reduction in the time and cost of d...